The vascular network of walnut shells make them impressively strong and hard, leading to insights for nutshell-based material applications.
The strengthening occurs because of its shell thickness, spherical shape, small size, and lack of sutures.
The interrelationships between these characteristics indicate that geometric modifications can act as a powerful and efficient strategy for plants to improve the fracture resistance for their shells and tissues.
The interlocking network could potentially be emulated in other material applications to increase strength and hardness more efficiently.
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